Ditulis oleh Kusen Dony Herm...
Ada pertanyaan yang kemudian muncul, yaitu bagaimana melihat persinggungan antara tipe film dan bentuk film itu sendiri, sebab secara sepintas sulit menyatukan dua klasifikasi ini.
Walaupun tidak semuanya bisa dijelaskan, namun setidaknya cukup banyak yang bisa disatukan dalam sebuah film. Untuk tipe fiksi dan bentuk naratif mungkin tidak perlu penjelasan panjang, sebab banyak sekali film fiksi-naratif yang diproduksi di seluruh dunia terutama film-film yang diputar di bioskop-bioskop. Yang perlu menjadi catatan adalah sisa dari keterkaitan antara bentuk dan tipe.
1. Naratif dan Dokumenter.
Sub-tipe doku-drama merupakan titik temu antara dokumenter dengan naratif, dimana peristiwa, tokoh, ruang dan waktunya diambil dari kehidupan nyata, namun pembuatnya harus menginterpretasi ulang dan membuatnya tampak meyakinkan bagi penonton bahwa kejadian sesungguh adalah seperti yang digambarkannya.
2. Naratif dan Animasi.
Film-film animasi kartun adalah salah satu pertemuan titik antara bentuk naratif dengan tipe animasi. Dalam layar lebar banyak sekali film animasi kartun yang diproduksi seperti Fantasia, Beauty And The Beast dan sebagainya, sedangkan di televisi kita mengenal film kartun seperti Doraemon, Crayon Sinchan, Popeye, Scoby Doo dll.
3. Naratif dan Eksperimental.
Seringkali menjadi sulit mencari contoh dari film naratif dengan bungkusan eksperimental, namun setidaknya ada beberapa contoh yang dapat digunakan seperti Un Chien Andalou (Luis Bunuel), Pink Floyd : The Wall (Alan Parker), Parfumed Nightmare (Kidlat Tahimik) dsb.
Sedangkan titik temu antara bentuk non-naratif dengan tipe yang lain adalah seperti berikut :
4. Non-Naratif (Categorical) dan Fiksi.
Sub-tipe mockumentary adalah pertemuan antara categorical dengan fiksi, dimana peristiwa, tokoh, ruang dan waktunya merupakan hal fikstif, namun pembuatannya menggunakan pendekatan struktur serta aspek teknis dari dokumenter.
5. Non-Naratif (Categorical) dan Dokumenter.
Bentuk categorical memang awalnya ditujukan untuk dokumenter dan umumnya digunakan untuk hampir seluruh jenis dokumenter seperti ilmu pengetahuan, perjalanan, sejarah, instruksional dan lain sehingga.
6. Non-Naratif (Categorical) dan Animasi.
Sebenarnya titik temu awalnya sangatlah sulit dicari contohnya, namun setelah melihat Waltz With Bashir (Ari Folman) maka animasi-categorical ini menjadi memungkinkan. Film ini menceritakan sebuah penulusuran dari memori sang sutradara, namun dikemas dengan tipe animasi sehingga terpaksa bentuk categorical-nya cenderung menguat.
7. Non-Naratif (Rethorical) dan Fiksi / Animasi.
Bentuk rethorical dan fiksi bergabung dalam film-film iklan (TVC) ataupun iklan layanan masyarakat (PSA). Film-film tersebut cenderung melakukan persuasi yang kuat terhadap masyarakat.
8. Non-Naratif (Rethorical) dan Dokumenter.
Bentuk rethorical dan dokumenter cenderung muncul pada dokumenter dengan pendekatan propaganda, seperti yang terjadi dalam film Triumph of the Wheel (Leni Refensthal) dan Why We Fight ? (Frank Cappra).
Baik bentuk categorical ataupun rethorical sangat sulit mencari titik temunya dengan eksperimental, karena kencenderungan wujudnya yang sangat absurd.
9. Non-Naratif (Abstract) dan Fiksi / Animasi / Eksperimental.
Bentuk abstract sebagian besar merupakan fiksi dan ketika pembuatannya menggunakan elemen realis ataupun dengan teknik animasi maka akan cenderung menjadi film yang bersifat eksperimental. Misalnya film Dot (Norman McLaren), Mothlight (Stan Brakhage), Berita Hari Ini Tentang Dian Sastro (Faozan Rizal) dsb.
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